I seem to solve this issue (it works!).
The solution is omitting the first folder below the root directory of my local blog repository.
For example, if my image A.jpg has address of blogRoot/static/images/A.jpg, then when I refer to the address in markdown file, I should omit the root and the next folder like this: /images/A.jpg ("/" at the first should not be omitted). Likewise, if my image article_B.jpg's address is blogRoot/content/post/article_B/B.jpg, then I can refer the address in markdown like: /post/article_B/B.jpg
But I do not know why this way work correctly. If you know the reason, please let me know.