Hugo attempting to build pages on multilingual site for languages with no content

I believe this has something to do with the format of my custom taxonomies, which is an attempt at creating section specific terms:

[taxonomies]
  'papers/category' = 'papers/category'
  'blog/category' = 'blog/category'

Given the following (simplified) languages.toml config:

[en]
    languageName = "English"
    weight = 1
[ja]
    languageName = "日本語"
    weight = 3

And a (simplified) file structure as below:

content/
├── _index.en.md
├── _index.ja.md
├── blog/
│   ├── _index.en.md
│   ├── article-1/
│   │   └── index.en.md
│   └── article-2/
│       └── index.en.m
└── papers/
    ├── _index.en.md
    ├── paper-1/
    │   └── index.en.md
    └── paper-2/
        └── index.en.m

When running Hugo v0.119.0, Hugo generated something like the following for the public directory:

/
├── index.html
├── blog/
│   ├── article-1/
│   │   └── index.html
│   └── article-2/
│       └── index.html
├── papers/
│   ├── paper-1/
│   │   └── index.html
│   └── paper-2/
│       └── index.html
└── ja/
    └── index.html

But after upgrading to v0.123.x, it generates this:

/
├── index.html
├── blog/
│   ├── index.html
│   ├── article-1/
│   │   └── index.html
│   └── article-2/
│       └── index.html
├── papers/
│   ├── index.html
│   ├── paper-1/
│   │   └── index.html
│   └── paper-2/
│       └── index.html
└── ja/
    ├── index.html
    ├── blog/
    │   └── index.html
    └── papers/
        └── index.html

The content is being built for the taxonomies papers and blog. These will be taxonomy archive pages.

Also, why have you used a / in naming taxonomies ?

Also, why have you used a / in naming taxonomies ?

The purpose of the / is to cause the category slug to be example.com/papers/category, thereby making the taxonomy somewhat scoped to a specific section.

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I created a test site per your example above:

git clone --single-branch -b hugo-forum-topic-48561 https://github.com/jmooring/hugo-testing hugo-forum-topic-48561
cd hugo-forum-topic-48561
rm -rf public && hugo && tree public

In the above, note that I have not yet assigned a term to any of the content.

I get the same results (public tree) with both v0.122.0 and v0.123.6.

v0.122.0
public/
├── en/
│   ├── blog/
│   │   ├── blog-1/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   ├── blog-2/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   ├── category/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   └── index.html
│   ├── papers/
│   │   ├── category/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   ├── paper-1/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   ├── paper-2/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   └── index.html
│   └── index.html
├── ja/
│   ├── blog/
│   │   └── category/
│   │       └── index.html
│   ├── papers/
│   │   └── category/
│   │       └── index.html
│   └── index.html
├── favicon.ico
└── index.html

v0.123.6
public/
├── en/
│   ├── blog/
│   │   ├── blog-1/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   ├── blog-2/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   ├── category/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   └── index.html
│   ├── papers/
│   │   ├── category/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   ├── paper-1/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   ├── paper-2/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   └── index.html
│   └── index.html
├── ja/
│   ├── blog/
│   │   ├── category/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   └── index.html
│   ├── papers/
│   │   ├── category/
│   │   │   └── index.html
│   │   └── index.html
│   └── index.html
├── favicon.ico
└── index.html


What is the behavior in 0.119.0? I would test myself, but can’t figure out how to downgrade with Homebrew.

What surprises me based on my previous builds with 0.119.0 is the presence of the list pages /ja/blog/index.html and /ja/papers/index.html.

You are right. There is a difference between the two examples above. I will try to dig into that later today.

https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/issues/12188

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Fixed in v0.123.8.

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