Lists of categories on front page

Render the list of terms in the categories taxonomy with something like:

{{ range site.Taxonomies.categories.Alphabetical }}
  <a href="{{ .Page.RelPermalink }}">{{ .Page.LinkTitle }}</a>
{{ end }}

Automatically creating an archive structure (as you describe here) is not so trivial; it is not a built-in capability.

The best I’ve come up with is:

git clone --single-branch -b hugo-forum-topic-46777 https://github.com/jmooring/hugo-testing hugo-forum-topic-46777
cd hugo-forum-topic-46777
rm -rf prebuild/public/ public/ && hugo -s prebuild && hugo server -e production

Read the readme.

Building twice may seem complicated, but (a) you only need to do that when deploying your site, and (b) it beats stuffing each page with front matter that is easy to get wrong.