How do 'pretty URLs' work?

The documentation on pretty URLs states that you don’t need ‘non-standard server side configuration’ for pretty URLs to work. I don’t get how this works, since after “compiling” the website all files still have the ‘html’ file extension.

When I create a handcoded website, the URL always includes the file extension. I’m just interested in how this works, since I’m also working on a handcoded and would like to have easier control over the URL (instead of having to remove the file extension from the file).

The links for pages point to folders, hence the trailing / . When there is an index.html file inside a folder, the browser can find that and open that without showing the file itself in the address. Or the server assumes the same and serves that file by default. I think it’s how it works, one or the other.

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