To override the section URL, check Override section url - #17 by Jura.
I’m not sure you can override the URL for the taxonomy terms page (/artykuly/tehi/ ), though. From the taxonomies doc:
Much like regular pages, taxonomy list permalinks are configurable, but taxonomy term page permalinks are not.
You’ll need load that in a different manner, and I’m not sure if pagination can be used in that context… but search around! 